Philosophers after the death of Aristotle The Cynics ( four schools)

The Cynics : The drop outs of the ancient world - The Cynics rejected all social conventions. They were the first of four major schools of Greek Philosophy which emerged after the fall of Athens.
Aristotle's pupil Alexander the great changed history in a way that affected the development of philosophy . In an astoundingly short time he conquered more or less the whole world as it was known to the ancient Greeks from Italy to India including most of what is now called the Middle East, together with vast areas  of North Africa.
Everywhere he went, Alexander founded new cities , from which his conquests were to be administered, and these he colonized with Greeks.The colonists mostly married local women converting population of these cities cosmopolitan. In the Greek cities populations were multiracial and multilingual. That world is known as Hellenistic world. Its most important city was named after him as Alexandria.This became the chief international center of culture and learning the site of the of the most important library .The Hellenistic age of which it was the cultural capital lasted for some three hundred years from the downfall of the Greek city states in the 4th century BC to the rise of Roman Empire in the 1st century BC.
The first two Cynics
All four of the new schools of philosophy that flourished during this period - the Cynics, the Sceptics, the Epicureans, and the Stoics.
1. Antisthenes, 2. Diogenes