Capital Vol- I (1867 ) - Karl Marx

Capital, Volume I (1867), by Karl Marx, is a critical analysis of capitalism as political economy, meant to reveal the economic laws of the capitalist mode of production, how it was the precursor of the socialistmode of production, and of the class struggle rooted in the capitalist social relations of production. The first of three volumes of Capital: Critique of Political Economywas published on 14 September 1867, and was the sole volume published in Marx's lifetime. This volume is registered in the Memory of the World Programme of UNESCO together with manuscripts of The Communist Manifesto in June 2013.
Capital, Volume I (1867) was published in Marx’s lifetime, but he died, in 1883, before completing the manuscripts for Capital, Volume II (1885) andCapital, Volume III (1894), which friend and collaborator Friedrich Engels edited and published as the work of Karl Marx. The first translated publication of Capital: Critique of Political Economywas in Imperial Russia, in March 1872. It was the first foreign publication; the English edition appeared in 1887.
While addressing the annual ceremony of the People Paper of Chartist in 1856, Marx was discussing the bigger perspectives of the recent revolutionary movements. He also was comparing the revolutionary movements of 1850s with that of the past.  He termed the recent revolution as the " destruction and division of the hard coating of the European Society." and this destruction was most important. 
The capitalism in Europe was just like a huge stone on which revolutions tumbled down many times.
Marx started his research work on Economics some times before he started for England. He came across the problems on economics while he was writing as a journalist in 1842 and later being an editor of  Rheinische Zeitung. In 1843 he came to the conclusion that the development of Human Civilisation depends on economic development. Though the Philosophy of Scientific Socialism was developed at the end 1840s by Marx and Engels , its economic basis was developed in 1857-1863.
Marx began his work on the economic basis of Capitalist production at the end of 1840s. He developed the primary ingredients of the theory of surplus value and fixed up its future economic processes.
London was at that time a place for economic developments by the process of its industrialization and stock Exchange Marx got the advantage of studying directly its effects.