Golden Century of German Philosophy -Kant (22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804)

Between the 1780s and the 1880s a flowering of philosophy occurred in the German - Speaking world which had not been seen since the time of the ancient Greeks. It began with Kant . His work enriched and extended by Schopenhauer . Fichte and Schelling also took off from Kant as their point of departure. Hegel produced a philosophy of absolute idealism. Marx took over the framework and vocabulary of Hegel's philosophy. Substituting Materialist from Idealist values. Neitzsche mounted an onslaught on the whole of existing morality. The wealth of ideas produced by these philosophers nourishes some of today's newest developments






                                                                                                                                          
  Immanuel Kant                                                                    

 (22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher who is considered the central figure of modern philosophy. Kant argued that fundamental concepts of the human mind structure human experience, that reason is the source of morality, that aesthetics arises from a faculty of disinterested judgment, that space and time are forms of our sensibility, and that the world as it is "in-itself" is unknowable. Kant took himself to have effected a Copernican revolution in philosophy, akin to Copernicus' reversal of the age-old belief that the sun revolved around the earth. His beliefs continue to have a major influence on contemporary philosophy, especially the fields of metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, political theory, and aesthetics.
Immanuel Kant  is the central figure in modern philosophy. He synthesized early modern rationalism and empiricism, set the terms for much of nineteenth and twentieth century philosophy, and continues to exercise a significant influence today in metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, political philosophy, aesthetics, and other fields. The fundamental idea of Kant's “critical philosophy” — especially in his three Critiques: the Critique of Pure Reason (1781, 1787), the Critique of Practical Reason (1788), and the Critique of the Power of Judgment (1790) — is human autonomy. He argues that the human understanding is the source of the general laws of nature that structure all our experience; and that human reason gives itself the moral law, which is our basis for belief in God, freedom, and immortality. Therefore, scientific knowledge, morality, and religious belief are mutually consistent and secure because they all rest on the same foundation of human autonomy, which is also the final end of nature according to the teleological worldview of reflecting judgment that Kant introduces to unify the theoretical and practical parts of his philosophical system.